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Grammar Basics: Unit 4 – Present Continuous Questions

To form questions in the present continuous, switch the order of the subject and the verb:

I am ~ing ==> Am I ~ing?
You are ~ing ==> Are you ~ing?
He / she / it is ~ing ==> Is he / she / it ~ing?
We are ~ing ==> Are we ~ing?
You are ~ing ==> Are you ~ing?
They are ~ing ==> Are they ~ing?

Examples:

  • Am I kidding?
  • – Yes (. I’m just pulling your leg [= teasing you]).

 

  • Are you sleeping, Brother John?
  • – No (, I’m not).
  • – No (, I’m lying awake, thinking).

 

  • Is it still snowing?
  • – No (, it isn’t // it’s not).
  • – No (, it’s raining).

 

  • Are we leaving yet?
  • – Yes (. Please get your coat on).

 

  • Are they eating dinner?
  • – No (, they aren’t // they’re not).
  • – No (, they’ve finished eating).

Wh-questions can also use ~ing form: Wh- + (be) + S + ~ing?

  • Who is having a party? (“Who” is the subject for who-questions, and so don’t need another subject.)
  • What is he doing?
  • Where is she going?
  • When is Sally coming to pick up the book?
  • Why are you yelling at me?
  • How are they going to move that piano?

Exercises.

Put together the following words in the proper order to form a present continuous question. Don’t forget to use the correct form of the verb “be.”

1. be fight have a snowball they ?

2. any be buy for magazines ride she the train ?

3. bake be cookies today we ?

4. be feel sick you ?

5. be dream I ?

6. be do teacher the tomorrow what ?

7. be cold get it out ?

8. be do how you ?

9. and be down jump they up why ?

10. ball be game Mike next play in week’s ?

11. be my phone ring ?

12. be choir concert in school sing Steve the when ?

13. be lie who ?

14. be tell the truth who ?

15. be boil soup the yet ?

16. be go on vacation where you ?

17. be crazy go I ?

18. baby be sleep still the ?

19. be loudly snore so who ?

20. be still TV watch you ?

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Grammar Basics: Unit 3 – Present Continuous (Solution)

Exercises (Solution)

1. He is doing his homework.

2. The cat is acting crazy.

3. Mother is washing clothes in the basement.

4. Father is mowing the lawn.

5. I am taking a bath – shut the door!

6. Please wash your hands – we are having pork chops for dinner.

7. You are lying – you’ve never been to Antarctica!

8. It is snowing heavily now.

9. Tell Tom to turn down the volume – I am talking on the phone.

10. Do you see the bird that is sitting on the fence over there?

11. The twins are swimming in the pool since it’s so hot.

12. We are drinking iced tea to keep cool.

13. Please don’t disturb us – we are practicing for next week’s concert.

14. He is writing a letter to Santa Claus.

15. Thousands of people are dying in Africa from famine.

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Grammar Basics: Unit 3 – Present Continuous

The present continuous is the ~ing form of the verb. It is used with the appropriate form of the verb be:

I am ~ing
You are ~ing
He / she / it is ~ing
We are ~ing
You are ~ing
They are ~ing

The present continuous is used to indicate that an action is happening now:

  • I’m reading the newspaper.
  • You can’t fool me – you’re not sleeping!
  • He’s studying for tomorrow’s exam.
  • Please be quiet – the baby’s sleeping.
  • Hurry up – we’re leaving!
  • They’re outside playing in the sandbox.

Making the ~ing form of the verb:

– In general, simply put –ing after the dictionary form of the verb:

  • eat ==> eating
  • laugh ==> laughing

– If the verb ends with an “e,” omit the “e” and put –ing at the end:

  • smile ==> smiling
  • bake ==> baking

– If the verb has a short vowel, double the final consonant before putting –ing at the end:

  • put ==> putting
  • run ==> running

– For verbs ending in –ie, change the “ie” to “y” before putting –ing at the end:

  • lie ==> lying
  • die ==> dying

Exercises

Complete the following sentences, using the appropriate form of the verb “be” along with the –ing form of the given verb.

Example:
She (sweep) the porch ==> She is sweeping the porch.

1. He (do) his homework.

2. The cat (act) crazy.

3. Mother (wash) clothes in the basement.

4. Father (mow) the lawn.

5. I (take) a bath – shut the door!

6. Please wash your hands – we (have) pork chops for dinner.

7. You (lie) – you’ve never been to Antarctica!

8. It (snow) heavily now.

9. Tell Tom to turn down the volume – I (talk) on the phone.

10. Do you see the bird that (sit) on the fence over there?

11. The twins (swim) in the pool since it’s so hot.

12. We (drink) iced tea to keep cool.

13. Please don’t disturb us – we (practice) for next week’s concert.

14. He (write) a letter to Santa Claus.

15. Thousands of people (die) in Africa from famine.

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Christmas Crossword I (Solution)

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Writing Assignment: At the Post Office (Solution)

1. In what place are these two people?at the post office
They are in the post office.

2. Where is the man standing?
He is standing behind the counter (behind the window).

3. What is he doing?
He is handing the woman a small packet.

4. Where is the woman standing?
The woman is standing at the counter (at the window).

5. What is the woman doing?
She is taking the packet from the man.

6. Why might the woman have gone to the post office?
She may have gone to the post office to buy some stamps.

7. What kinds of things may be bought at the post office?
At the post office, a person can buy stamps, envelopes, boxes, padded envelopes, tape, and other mailing supplies.

8. What can people do at the post office besides buy stamps and other mailing supplies?
People can pick up their mail from the post office. They can mail a letter or parcel. They can have letters and packages weighed. They can get official government forms, like passport applications and tax forms.

9. Are there other people also at the post office?
We don’t see any other people at this post office.

10. What do you do if there are other people waiting in line?
If there are other people waiting in line, you have to wait for your turn.

11. What can the man behind the window do if he has to do something in back?
If he has some task to do in the back of the post office, he can put a sign at his window.

12. What would the sign say?
The sign would say “Next Window Please” or “Will Be Back Soon.”

13. On what days is the post office open?
The post office is open from Mondays through Saturdays. It is closed on Sundays.

14. When does the post office open?
The post office usually opens at 8 a.m. or 8:30 a.m.

15. When does the post office close?
The post office usually closes at 5 p.m. On Saturdays, it usually closes at 12 noon, or 12:30 p.m.

16. On what holidays does the post office close?
In the US, the post office is closed on federal holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King Jr’s Birthday, Washington’s Birthday (President’s Day), Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.

17. What is the name of the person who delivers the mail?
The person who delivers the mail is called a mailman, a postman, a mail lady, or a mail carrier. Other people who work for the post office can be called postal workers. The head of the local post office is called a postmaster.

18. What happens to the mail of a person who has moved to a new house or apartment?
If a person has moved, his mail will be forwarded if he has filled out a “change of address” form. If he has not filled out a change of address form, it will be marked “undeliverable” and returned to sender.

19. What happens to the mail of a person who is on vacation?
If a person goes on vacation, he can request that his mail be held until he returns from vacation. He can then go to the post office and pick it up. To have his mail held, he must fill out an “authorization to hold mail” form.

20. How is international mail usually sent?
International mail is usually sent via airmail.

21. What kind of hobby do some people have with stamps?
Some people collect stamps for a hobby.

Paragraph: At the Post Office

Write a brief paragraph about the last time you had to go to the post office for something. What did you do there? Were there other people there too? What are some other reasons why you usually go to the post office?

Just before Christmas, I had to go to the post office to buy some stamps. I had to mail my Christmas cards, and I wanted to get the special Christmas stamps available at the post office. The Christmas stamps came out in October, and came in two sets. One design had Madonna and Child (the Virgin Mary and Baby Jesus). The other set had four different designs: a reindeer, a snowman, a gingerbread man, and a nutcracker. Each set comes in a booklet containing 20 stamps. The stamps have self-sticking adhesive on the back, so they do not need to be licked.

There were a few people already waiting in line at the post office. Some people had Christmas cards and Christmas packages that they wanted to mail. The packages had to be weighed before the proper postage could be put on the package. People mailing packages had to tell the postal worker if there was anything breakable, perishable, or hazardous. They also had to fill out a form if they wanted to have the package insured.

Some people came to the post office to pick up their mail from their post office box. Some people came to the post office to buy some boxes or other mailing supplies for their Christmas packages. Some people were planning on going somewhere for Christmas vacation, so they filled out a form to have their mail held until they came back.

In the lobby of the post office, there is also a bulletin board with some “wanted posters” on it. If there are dangerous fugitives that are wanted by the FBI, the local post office will have their pictures put up on a wanted poster. The people on the wanted poster do not look like they are very nice people. I hope that I never seen them walking down the street somewhere.

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Writing Assignment: At the Post Office

at the post office

 

Vocabulary

Post office
Teller
Clerk
Window
Counter
Stamp
Envelope
Post card
Postmark
Bulletin board
Form
Waiting line
Postmaster
Mail box
Post office box
Address
Return address
Parcel
Mailing supplies
Package
Packing
Tape
Label
Padded envelope
Wanted poster
Ahead (in line)
Take a number
Next window
Mailman
Mail lady
Postman
Postal worker
Mail carrier
(vacation) hold on mail
Forward the mail
Return to sender
Postage paid
Postage due
Special delivery
Book of stamps
Sheet of stamps
Air mail
Stamp collecting

  1. In what place are these two people?
  2. Where is the man standing?
  3. What is he doing?
  4. Where is the woman standing?
  5. What is the woman doing?
  6. Why might the woman have gone to the post office?
  7. What kinds of things may be bought at the post office?
  8. What can people do at the post office besides buy stamps and other mailing supplies?
  9. Are there other people also at the post office?
  10. What do you do if there are other people waiting in line?
  11. What can the man behind the window do if he has to do something in back?
  12. What would the sign say?
  13. On what days is the post office open?
  14. When does the post office open?
  15. When does the post office close?
  16. On what holidays does the post office close?
  17. What is the name of the person who delivers the mail?
  18. What happens to the mail of a person who has moved to a new house or apartment?
  19. What happens to the mail of a person who is on vacation?
  20. How is international mail usually sent?
  21. What kind of hobby do some people have with stamps?

Paragraph: At the Post Office

Write a brief paragraph about the last time you had to go to the post office for something. What did you do there? Were there other people there too? What are some other reasons why you usually go to the post office?

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Grammar Basics: Unit 2 – The Verb “Be” – Questions (Solution)

Exercises: Write questions, using the proper form of the verb “be.”

1. Is the homework difficult?
2. Is John sick?
3. Is the baby hungry?
4. Are you cold?
5. Am I sleepy?
6. Is she a doctor?
7. Are we late?
8. Are they married?
9. Where are my keys?
10. What is the temperature?
11. Who is that man?
12. How are you?
13. Why are you sick?
14. How old is he?
15. Where is the dog?

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Grammar Basics: Unit 2 – The Verb “Be” – Questions

To form questions with the verb “be,” the verb and subject are inverted (switch places in the sentence):

1st person singular:
Positive – I am
Question – am I?

2nd person singular:
Positive – you are
Question – are you?

3rd person singular:
Positive – he / she / it is
Question – is he / she / it?

1st person plural:
Positive – we are
Question – are we?

2nd person plural:
Positive – you are
Question – are you?

3rd person plural:
Positive – they are
Question – are they?

The answer to these “be” questions should be either Yes or No.

Examples:

  • Am I late?
    • Yes (you are).
    • Yes (, the show started ten minutes ago).
  • Are you hungry?
    • Yes (I am).
    • Yes (, I haven’t eaten since breakfast).
  • Is it raining?
    • No (, it’s sunny).
  • Is he crazy?
    • No (, but he sure acts like it sometimes).
  • Are we leaving now?
    • No (, we still have a half hour before the train comes in).
  • Are you ready?
    • Yes (we are).
    • Yes (, let’s take the test now).
  • Are they home?
    • No (, the lights are off).

Short negative answers may be contracted, but positive ones may not be:

  • Am I late?
    • No / No, you aren’t / No, you’re not.
  • Are you hungry?
    • No / No, I’m not.
  • Is it raining?
    • No / No, it isn’t / No, it’s not.
  • Is he crazy?
    • No / No, he isn’t / No, he’s not.
  • Are we leaving now?
    • No / No, we aren’t / No, we’re not.
  • Are you ready?
    • No / No, we aren’t / No, we’re not.
  • Are they home?
    • No / No, they aren’t / No, they’re not.

Wh-questions use the verb “be,” but cannot use Yes/No for an answer:

  • Where is / Where’s the restaurant?
    • It’s next to the bank.
  • What is / What’s the time?
    • It’s two o’clock.
  • Who is / Who’s coming to the party?
    • John and Sally are.
  • How tall is Sam?
    • He’s six feet tall.
  • Why are you crying?
    • I lost my puppy.

Exercises: Write questions, using the proper form of the verb “be.”

Solutions tomorrow.

1. the homework / difficult?

2. John / sick?

3. baby / hungry?

4. you / cold?

5. I / sleepy?

6. she / a doctor?

7. we / late?

8. they / married?

9. where / my keys?

10. what / the temperature?

11. who / that man?

12. how / you?

13. why / you / sick?

14. how / old / he?

15. where / the dog?

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Grammar Basics: Unit 1 – The Verb “Be” (Solutions)

Answers:

1. That TV show is old.

2. Miss Smith is a lawyer.

3. The cats are hungry.

4. I’m positive I locked the door.

5. It’s eight o’clock – we must leave now.

6. They are the biggest seller of running shoes in the country.

7. You’re early for your appointment.

8. The playground isn’t open today.

9. No thank you, I’m not thirsty.

10. They’re not Americans.

11. John’s not on the team this year.

12. You’re not quiet enough.

13. We’re not afraid of you!

14. She’s not busy right now.

15. It’s not too late to place your order for Christmas.

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Grammar Basics: Unit 1 – The Verb “Be”

The verb “be” is used to describe a quality or state of existence for a noun. Its form depends on “person” and count. (Contracted forms are in parentheses):

1st person singular:
Positive – I am (I’m)
Negative – I am not (I’m not)

2nd person singular:
Positive – You are (You’re)
Negative – You are not (You’re not / You aren’t)

3rd person singular:
Positive – He / She / It is (He’s, etc.)
Negative – He / She / It is not (He’s not / He isn’t, etc.)

1st person plural:
Positive – We are (We’re)
Negative – We are not (We’re not)

2nd person plural:
Positive – You are (You’re)
Negative – You are not (You’re not / You aren’t)

3rd person plural:
Positive – They are (They’re)
Negative – They are not (They’re not / They aren’t)

Examples:

I’m worried. The baby is sick.
If you’re cold, put on a sweater.
He is a doctor.
We are the number one manufacturer of erasers in the world.
They’re tired and hungry.

I’m not sure if we have enough food.
You aren’t bored, are you?
She’s not a very patient person.
We’re not late for dinner, are we?
They’re not members of the orchestra.

Note –
For tag questions, “I am not” has an irregular contraction:
I’m a clever student, aren’t I? (not amn’t I?)

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For the following exercise, write complete sentences. Use the appropriate form of “be.”

Example:

(keys bag my in not) – My keys are not in my bag.

Solutions tomorrow.

1. (old show that TV)
____________________________________________________________________________

2. (a lawyer Miss Smith)
____________________________________________________________________________

3. (cats hungry the)
____________________________________________________________________________

4. (door I I locked positive the)
____________________________________________________________________________

5. (eight it leave must now o’clock we)
____________________________________________________________________________

6. (biggest country in of running seller shoes the the they)
____________________________________________________________________________

7. (appointment early for you your)
____________________________________________________________________________

8. (not open playground the today)
____________________________________________________________________________

9. (I no not thank thirsty you)
____________________________________________________________________________

10. (Americans not they)
____________________________________________________________________________

11. (this team John the not on year)
____________________________________________________________________________

12. (enough not quiet you)
____________________________________________________________________________

13. (afraid not of we you)
____________________________________________________________________________

14. (busy not now right she)
____________________________________________________________________________

15. (Christmas for it late not order place to too your)
____________________________________________________________________________

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